Triany Syafrilia-1EA21
19210684
Simple Past
Simple Past Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan atau peristiwa yang terjadi pada waktu lampau dan tidak ada hubungan sama sekali dengan masa sekarang.
Rumus :
1. Pattern A (Kalimat Nominal)
S+To Be (was,were)+Non Verb+.....
You/They/We+ To Be (were)
I/He/She/It+To Be (was)
2. Pattern B (Kalimat Verbal)
S+Verb II+....
I/You/We/They/He/She/It+Verb II
I. Simple Past Tense :
1) They ___ to Jakarta last night
a) Go c) Going
b) Went d) Goes
2) I ___in Bali last night
a) Was c) Are
b) Were d) Am
3) ___ Arief watch TV last Sunday?
a) Did c) Does
b) Do d) Don’t
4) He ___ to school yesterday
a) Walking c) Walked
b) Walk d) Walks
5) Maria ___ her homework ___
a) Doesn’t & Tonight c) Didn’t & Now
b) Did & Last night d) Do & Yesterday
6) I (go /went / gone / ) to the mall after school.
7) My brother ( seen / saw/ see) a bear an hour ago.
8) (Did /Are /Does ) Mike visit his grandmother last night?
9) Alex did not ( work/ worked /working ) last weekend.
10) (Was / Were / Are )Judy and Liz at last month’s meeting?
Present Perfect Tense
Present Perfect Tense ialah suatu bentuk kalimat yang menyatakan suatu perbuatan yang telah dikerjakan (pada waktu lampau) dan telah selesai pada waktu sekarang. Masa lampau bisa sekarang, tadi, kemarin, minggu lalu, bulan lalu, tahun lalu, dan sebagainya.
a. Digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan atau peristiwa yang terjadi pada waktu lampau dan masih ada hubungannya dengan saat sekarang.
b. Digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu peristiwa atau perbuatan yang telah terjadi.
c. Digunakan untun menunjukkan suatu peristiwa atau perbuatan ulangan yang waktunya tidak tertentu. Dalam hal ini sering memakai kata-kata ever,never,before,already.
d. Digunakan untuk mengajukan suatu perbuatan atau peristiwa yang selesai pada waktu yang singkat. Untuk itu sering dipakai kata-kata seperti at,last,finally,just,recently.
II. Present Perfect Tense
1) I ___ in Bali before
a) Have been c) Having been
b) Had been d) Ever had
2) ___English since three ago
a) I have teach
b) I having teaching
c) I have taught
d) I had taught
3) John ___ in the same house since 1962
a) Has lived c) Having live
b) Had live d) Have living
4) Have you ___ your bread
a) Eaten
b) Ate
c) Eating
d) Was eat
5) We ___ our report
a) Have already written
b) Had already writting
c) Having already written
d) Has already Written
6) I that movie twenty times. ( have seen )
7) I thinkI him once before. ( have met )
8) There many earthquakes in California.( have been )
9) People to the Moon. ( have traveled )
10) People to Mars. ( have not traveled )
Active & Passive Voice
Kalimat aktif (active voice) adalah kalimat dimana subject-nya melakukan pekerjaan, sebaliknya, kalimat pasif (passive voice) adalah kalimat dimana subject-nya dikenai pekerjaan oleh object kalimat. Active voice lebih sering digunakan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari dibandingkan dengan passive voice. Namun demikian, sering kita temukan passive voice di surat-surat kabar, artikel-artikel di majalah-majalah dan tulisan-tulisan ilmiah. Passive voice digunakan karena object dari active voice merupakan informasi yang lebih penting dibandingkan dengan subject-nya.
Contoh :
Active : We fertilize the soil every 6 months
Passive: The soil is fertilized by us every 6 months
Berdasarkan contoh di atas maka passive voice mengikuti pola sebagai berikut:
Subject + be + Verb3 + by + Object + modifier
1) She buys a book
a) A book is bought by her
b) An book is bought by her
c) A book is buy by her
d) An book is buying by her
2) She eats an apple
a) An apple is eat by her
b) A apple is eating by her
c) An apple is eaten by her
d) A apple is eat by her
3) They played football
a) Football was played by them
b) Football are playing by them
c) Football was playing by them
d) Football are play by them
4) He brings some book
a) Some book are brought by him
b) Are book was buy by him
c) An book was buying by him
d) Some book was buy by him
5) I finished my home work just now ( Active )
My homework was finished just now by me ( Passive)
6) They kill the dogs ( Active )
The dogs were killed by them ( Passive )
7) He doesn’t do his assignment ( Active )
His Assigment isn’t done him ( Passive )
8) I read a news paper everymorning (Active)
A news paper is read by me ( Passive )
9) He sold his car (Active )
His car sold by him ( Passive )
10) Father buys a news house ( Active )
A new house is bought by father ( Passive )
Question Tags
Question tags adalah pertanyaan singkat yang diikutkan pada akhir sebuah kalimat untuk membuat pertanyaan. Contoh:
Kalimat:- She speaks English.
Pertanyaan:- Does she speak English?
Question Tag:- She speaks English, doesn’t she?
Bentuk
Question tag dibentuk dari sebuah kata kerja bantu dan subjek. Jika kalimat positif, kita biasanya menggunakan tag negatif, contoh:
· That’s a great song, isn’t it?
· She’s a lawyer, isn’t she?
Jika kalimat negatif, kita gunakan tag positif. Contoh:
· You‘re not busy, are you?
· This way isn’t right, is it?
Kata kerja bantu dan subjek dalam question tag sesuai dengan yang terdapat pada kalimat utama. Hanya bentuk positif dan negatifnya yang berubah. Contoh:
He can play the trumpet, can’t he?
· You haven’t finished yet, have you?
Pada kalimat diatas subjek diberi warna biru, dan kata kerja bantu warna hijau. Yang mengalami perubahan hanya bagian dari pertanyaan yang positif atau negatif.
Positive Tag: MODAL + SUBJECT ?
Negative Tag: MODAL + NOT + SUBJECT ?
1. Handy likes swimming, …..?
Jawaban : doesn’t he
2. I’m your best friend, …..?
Jawaban: aren’t I
3. They work in our factory, …..?
Jawaban: don’t they
4. The boys know Mrs. Lynn’s address, ….?
Jawaban: don’t they
5. The man sells fruits, ….?
Jawaban: doesn’t he
6. We met them last night, ….?
Jawaban: didn’t we
7. You can handle it, ….?
Jawaban: can’t you
8. Your sister has a cute cat, ….?
Jawaban: doesn’t she
9. The tigers eat meat, …..?
Jawaban: don’t they
10. I have invited you, ….?
Jawaban: haven’t I
Modal Auxiliaries
Modal Auxiliaries adalah kata kerja bantu seperti akan, mungkin, bisa, dapat, harus, akan, digunakan untuk, perlu digunakan dalam hubungannya dengan kata kerja utama untuk mengekspresikan nuansa waktu dan suasana hati. Kombinasi membantu verba dengan verba utama menciptakan apa yang disebut frasa verba atau kata kerja string.Kata kerja jenis ini adalah kata kerja yang membantu verbs (kata kerja) menyatakan beberapa arti seperti KEWAJIBAN, KEMUNGKINAN, IJIN, KEMAMPUAN (sesuatu yang merupakan keharusan)
Modals :
- Must = Harus
- Can , Could = Akan
- Will, Would = Akan
- Shall, Should = Akan
- May, Might = Mungkin
- Ought to = Seharusnya
POLA MODAL AUXILIARIES :
* ( ? ) MODAL + S + V1
Can she do the test?
Will we go to the hospital?
* ( + ) S + MODAL + V1
She can do the test.
We will go to the hospital
* ( – ) S + MODAL NOT + V1
She can’t do the test.
We will not go to the hospital.
* ( ? ) MODAL + S + V1
Can she do the test?
Will we go to the hospital?
Exercise :
1. I don’t have enough money to buy lunch. ____ you lend me a couple of dollars?
A. Could B. May C. Shall
2. That ice is dangerously thin now. You ____ go ice-skating today.
A. Might not B. Would mind not to C. Mustn’t
3. It’s way past my bedtime and I’m really tired. I ____ go to bed.
A. Should B. Would C. Could
4. He ____ have committed this crime. He wasn’t even in the city that night.
A. Shouldn`t B. Might C. Couldn’t
5. You seem to be having trouble there. ____I help you?
A. Would B. Will C. Shall
6. Teddy got a bed score for his examination, ____study hard for next
A. Should have studied B. Could have studied C. Might have studied
7. My father ____ play guitar when he was child
A. Shall B. Can C. Could
8. I have been invited my friends to come, They be there tomorrow
A. Would B. Could C. Should
9. The sky so dark, it be rain
A. May B. Might C. Should
10. There`s a baby area, you smoke here.
A. Ought to B. Must not C. Should not
19210684
Simple Past
Simple Past Tense digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan atau peristiwa yang terjadi pada waktu lampau dan tidak ada hubungan sama sekali dengan masa sekarang.
Rumus :
1. Pattern A (Kalimat Nominal)
S+To Be (was,were)+Non Verb+.....
You/They/We+ To Be (were)
I/He/She/It+To Be (was)
2. Pattern B (Kalimat Verbal)
S+Verb II+....
I/You/We/They/He/She/It+Verb II
I. Simple Past Tense :
1) They ___ to Jakarta last night
a) Go c) Going
b) Went d) Goes
2) I ___in Bali last night
a) Was c) Are
b) Were d) Am
3) ___ Arief watch TV last Sunday?
a) Did c) Does
b) Do d) Don’t
4) He ___ to school yesterday
a) Walking c) Walked
b) Walk d) Walks
5) Maria ___ her homework ___
a) Doesn’t & Tonight c) Didn’t & Now
b) Did & Last night d) Do & Yesterday
6) I (go /went / gone / ) to the mall after school.
7) My brother ( seen / saw/ see) a bear an hour ago.
8) (Did /Are /Does ) Mike visit his grandmother last night?
9) Alex did not ( work/ worked /working ) last weekend.
10) (Was / Were / Are )Judy and Liz at last month’s meeting?
Present Perfect Tense
Present Perfect Tense ialah suatu bentuk kalimat yang menyatakan suatu perbuatan yang telah dikerjakan (pada waktu lampau) dan telah selesai pada waktu sekarang. Masa lampau bisa sekarang, tadi, kemarin, minggu lalu, bulan lalu, tahun lalu, dan sebagainya.
a. Digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan atau peristiwa yang terjadi pada waktu lampau dan masih ada hubungannya dengan saat sekarang.
b. Digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu peristiwa atau perbuatan yang telah terjadi.
c. Digunakan untun menunjukkan suatu peristiwa atau perbuatan ulangan yang waktunya tidak tertentu. Dalam hal ini sering memakai kata-kata ever,never,before,already.
d. Digunakan untuk mengajukan suatu perbuatan atau peristiwa yang selesai pada waktu yang singkat. Untuk itu sering dipakai kata-kata seperti at,last,finally,just,recently.
II. Present Perfect Tense
1) I ___ in Bali before
a) Have been c) Having been
b) Had been d) Ever had
2) ___English since three ago
a) I have teach
b) I having teaching
c) I have taught
d) I had taught
3) John ___ in the same house since 1962
a) Has lived c) Having live
b) Had live d) Have living
4) Have you ___ your bread
a) Eaten
b) Ate
c) Eating
d) Was eat
5) We ___ our report
a) Have already written
b) Had already writting
c) Having already written
d) Has already Written
6) I that movie twenty times. ( have seen )
7) I thinkI him once before. ( have met )
8) There many earthquakes in California.( have been )
9) People to the Moon. ( have traveled )
10) People to Mars. ( have not traveled )
Active & Passive Voice
Kalimat aktif (active voice) adalah kalimat dimana subject-nya melakukan pekerjaan, sebaliknya, kalimat pasif (passive voice) adalah kalimat dimana subject-nya dikenai pekerjaan oleh object kalimat. Active voice lebih sering digunakan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari dibandingkan dengan passive voice. Namun demikian, sering kita temukan passive voice di surat-surat kabar, artikel-artikel di majalah-majalah dan tulisan-tulisan ilmiah. Passive voice digunakan karena object dari active voice merupakan informasi yang lebih penting dibandingkan dengan subject-nya.
Contoh :
Active : We fertilize the soil every 6 months
Passive: The soil is fertilized by us every 6 months
Berdasarkan contoh di atas maka passive voice mengikuti pola sebagai berikut:
Subject + be + Verb3 + by + Object + modifier
1) She buys a book
a) A book is bought by her
b) An book is bought by her
c) A book is buy by her
d) An book is buying by her
2) She eats an apple
a) An apple is eat by her
b) A apple is eating by her
c) An apple is eaten by her
d) A apple is eat by her
3) They played football
a) Football was played by them
b) Football are playing by them
c) Football was playing by them
d) Football are play by them
4) He brings some book
a) Some book are brought by him
b) Are book was buy by him
c) An book was buying by him
d) Some book was buy by him
5) I finished my home work just now ( Active )
My homework was finished just now by me ( Passive)
6) They kill the dogs ( Active )
The dogs were killed by them ( Passive )
7) He doesn’t do his assignment ( Active )
His Assigment isn’t done him ( Passive )
8) I read a news paper everymorning (Active)
A news paper is read by me ( Passive )
9) He sold his car (Active )
His car sold by him ( Passive )
10) Father buys a news house ( Active )
A new house is bought by father ( Passive )
Question Tags
Question tags adalah pertanyaan singkat yang diikutkan pada akhir sebuah kalimat untuk membuat pertanyaan. Contoh:
Kalimat:- She speaks English.
Pertanyaan:- Does she speak English?
Question Tag:- She speaks English, doesn’t she?
Bentuk
Question tag dibentuk dari sebuah kata kerja bantu dan subjek. Jika kalimat positif, kita biasanya menggunakan tag negatif, contoh:
· That’s a great song, isn’t it?
· She’s a lawyer, isn’t she?
Jika kalimat negatif, kita gunakan tag positif. Contoh:
· You‘re not busy, are you?
· This way isn’t right, is it?
Kata kerja bantu dan subjek dalam question tag sesuai dengan yang terdapat pada kalimat utama. Hanya bentuk positif dan negatifnya yang berubah. Contoh:
He can play the trumpet, can’t he?
· You haven’t finished yet, have you?
Pada kalimat diatas subjek diberi warna biru, dan kata kerja bantu warna hijau. Yang mengalami perubahan hanya bagian dari pertanyaan yang positif atau negatif.
Positive Tag: MODAL + SUBJECT ?
Negative Tag: MODAL + NOT + SUBJECT ?
1. Handy likes swimming, …..?
Jawaban : doesn’t he
2. I’m your best friend, …..?
Jawaban: aren’t I
3. They work in our factory, …..?
Jawaban: don’t they
4. The boys know Mrs. Lynn’s address, ….?
Jawaban: don’t they
5. The man sells fruits, ….?
Jawaban: doesn’t he
6. We met them last night, ….?
Jawaban: didn’t we
7. You can handle it, ….?
Jawaban: can’t you
8. Your sister has a cute cat, ….?
Jawaban: doesn’t she
9. The tigers eat meat, …..?
Jawaban: don’t they
10. I have invited you, ….?
Jawaban: haven’t I
Modal Auxiliaries
Modal Auxiliaries adalah kata kerja bantu seperti akan, mungkin, bisa, dapat, harus, akan, digunakan untuk, perlu digunakan dalam hubungannya dengan kata kerja utama untuk mengekspresikan nuansa waktu dan suasana hati. Kombinasi membantu verba dengan verba utama menciptakan apa yang disebut frasa verba atau kata kerja string.Kata kerja jenis ini adalah kata kerja yang membantu verbs (kata kerja) menyatakan beberapa arti seperti KEWAJIBAN, KEMUNGKINAN, IJIN, KEMAMPUAN (sesuatu yang merupakan keharusan)
Modals :
- Must = Harus
- Can , Could = Akan
- Will, Would = Akan
- Shall, Should = Akan
- May, Might = Mungkin
- Ought to = Seharusnya
POLA MODAL AUXILIARIES :
* ( ? ) MODAL + S + V1
Can she do the test?
Will we go to the hospital?
* ( + ) S + MODAL + V1
She can do the test.
We will go to the hospital
* ( – ) S + MODAL NOT + V1
She can’t do the test.
We will not go to the hospital.
* ( ? ) MODAL + S + V1
Can she do the test?
Will we go to the hospital?
Exercise :
1. I don’t have enough money to buy lunch. ____ you lend me a couple of dollars?
A. Could B. May C. Shall
2. That ice is dangerously thin now. You ____ go ice-skating today.
A. Might not B. Would mind not to C. Mustn’t
3. It’s way past my bedtime and I’m really tired. I ____ go to bed.
A. Should B. Would C. Could
4. He ____ have committed this crime. He wasn’t even in the city that night.
A. Shouldn`t B. Might C. Couldn’t
5. You seem to be having trouble there. ____I help you?
A. Would B. Will C. Shall
6. Teddy got a bed score for his examination, ____study hard for next
A. Should have studied B. Could have studied C. Might have studied
7. My father ____ play guitar when he was child
A. Shall B. Can C. Could
8. I have been invited my friends to come, They be there tomorrow
A. Would B. Could C. Should
9. The sky so dark, it be rain
A. May B. Might C. Should
10. There`s a baby area, you smoke here.
A. Ought to B. Must not C. Should not